Journal of Experimental Nephrology

Proximal humerus fracture with simultaneous shoulder dislocation in children is a rare occurrence, with few reported cases. This systematic review of case reports aimed to document the outcomes of different treatment methods. A comprehensive literature search from 1980 to 2024 included case reports on traumatic shoulder fracture-dislocation in children. Eighteen studies were included, with a mean followup of 1.5 years. The cases comprised 7 boys and 11 girls, aged between 11 months and 16 years (median 6 years). The cases were divided into two groups based on epiphysealinvolvement.

Osteoporosis is a worldwide disease and osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) have a high incidence in the elderly population, mostly involving female sex in the postmenopausal status. They are usually treated conservatively with a bed rest period, pain control with analgesics, bracing, bisphosphonates and early rehabilitation. Nevertheless, this kind of treatment can fail with persistent pain, collapse, pseudoarthrosis, kyphotic deformity and neurologic impairment.

Gastric marginal zone lymphoma (gMZBL) is the most frequent type of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). The histology of gMZBL shows typical small cell morphology, however, there also exists a large cell variant.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and aggressive extranodal Non Hodgkin Lymphoma. Combined modality treatment with high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) followed by whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) has been a commonly used treatment approach.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare and specific variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive IVLBCL is particularly rare and highly aggressive. Up to present, only a few cases of EBV-positive IVLBCL have been reported in the literature. Here, we would like to further explore its clinicopathological and molecular features to ensure the awareness and accurate diagnosis of this entity.

Storage and periodic elimination of urine requires coordinated activity of the bladder and the urethral outlet. This coordination is provided by a complex neural control system in the brain and spinal cord. Experimental studies in animals show that urine storage is modulated by reflex mechanisms located in the sacral spinal cord, whereas urine release is mediated by pontine micturition center in the brainstem.

Renal rehabilitation is a process to conduct treatments for the patients suffering from kidney disease and support to help them for their smooth achievement of social rehabilitation. Patients with dialysis-dependent kidney failure carry some additional burden of co-morbidity, such as, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, infections, and many other. Approximately 10% of the world population is affected by chronic kidney disease and the incidence of dialysis is quite high.

Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (p-FGID) comprise one of the most common chronic conditions impacting global health. Conceptualized as gut-brain communication disorders, p-FGID are often exacerbated by and contribute to significant anxiety as well as functional impairment. Cognitive behavioral therapy is the gold standard psychosocial treatment for anxiety spectrum disorders. 

The role of Physiotherapy is focused on rehabilitation, health promotion, and treating conditions which has resulted in issues in movement [1]. Physiotherapy in recent years is seeing an influx of patients being referred due to musculoskeletal, respiratory, and neurological conditions as a drive for healthy lifestyle, exercise, holistic approaches as well as the musculoskeletal expertise of the Physiotherapist takes center stage within the economies globally.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that is associated with local and systemic inflammation, resulting in chronic pain and physical function limitations that may negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Despite advances in pharmacological therapies, currently available treatment options may be associated with adverse events and come at a high price tag.

p38 MAPK is a multifunctional signaling kinase. It is a responder to stress stimuli performing various pleiotropic functions ranging from maintenance of cellular homeostasis to contributing to cellular dysfunction, depending on the tissue environment. The p38 MAPK family consists of four isoforms: p38α, p38β, p38γ, and p38δ, each with distinct roles in cellular signaling. Among these, p38α is the most extensively studied and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases due to its expression in almost all cellular types [1].

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is associated with local and systemic inflammation, resulting in chronic pain and physical function limitations that may negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Despite advances in pharmacological therapies, currently available treatment options may be associated with adverse events and come at a high price tag.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is associated with local and systemic inflammation, resulting in chronic pain and physical function limitations that may negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Despite advances in pharmacological therapies, currently available treatment options may be associated with adverse events and come at a high price tag.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a growing global health challenge, impacting over 800 million individuals worldwide [1]. Numerous evidences have shown that women are more resistant to CKD than men before menopause, however this beneficial effect is diminished in those with post-menopause, highlighting the pivotal role of estrogen in kidney disease [2-5].

Sézary's Syndrome consists of a rare type of non-Hodgkin cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), being a very aggressive leukemic variant of CTCL. Given its rarity and its ability to mimic other more common diseases, this neoplasm represents a major diagnostic challenge for both clinicians and pathologists.

The number of individuals with all-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) reached almost 700 million in 2017, which is more people than those with diabetes, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or depressive disorders [1]. A multitude of studies have been published in the field of CKD based on patho-physiological considerations, screening, etiological factors, clinical observations, targeted therapeutic interventions, but very little is known about the fate of a patient, who has CKD  and who is followed for years by his treating physician and the reference nephrologist.

Arthritis remains a common and debilitating disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are among the most common forms of this chronic, degenerative disease, which is moving toward precision medicine.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), as a common complication of diabetes mellitus, is one of the leading causes for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world. Inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is widely used in DKD, but many patients still progressed to ESRD, and progress in the treatment of DKD is limited in recent years, thus more effective ways to prevent or treat DKD are necessary. Chronic hyperglycemia can induce the imbalance between the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Increasing evidences indicated oxidative stress acts as a crucial role in the initiation and progression of DKD. It is suggested that the restoration of the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defense may be a hopeful drug target to prevent or treat DKD. Our meta-analysis showed that the antioxidant vitamins can benefit kidney function and systolic blood pressure in patients with diabetes and albuminuria.

Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy involving the urinary system and the tenth most common malignancy worldwide. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the fifth most leading cause of cancer death in Egypt. This study aimed to assess all patients’ molecular subtypes (basal & luminal) of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and its impact on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival.

In February 2023, a systematic review and meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 9,596 patients assessed the effectiveness and safety of omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) versus placebo in patients with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) [1].