Archives of Stem Cell and Therapy

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in regenerative medicine. They can be isolated from different adult tissues. However, the regenerative potential of MSCs obtained from various sources and from different age donors may significantly differ.

The action potential (AP) in cardiac tissue is important for initiating and coordinating contractions in the heart. In addition, the long refractory period minimizes the potential for developing extrasystoles and arrhythmias. The AP is generated by coordinate changes in different ionic currents. In human (or canine) adult ventricular cells, the depolarization phase of the AP is mainly through the influx of Na+ and Ca2+ through specific voltage gated channels.

In many metazoan tissues, highly specialized cells are constantly lost and need to be replaced by tissue homeostasis from adult stem cells. When adult stem cells divide by mitosis their daughter cells either become new stem cells, or enter a proliferation and differentiation path. Recent studies in Drosophila males showed that germline stem cells (GSCs) can increase their mitotic activity in response to repeated mating.

Sleeve gastrectomy is the most common bariatric surgery worldwide. However, such a surgery caries risk of complications associated with morbidity and mortality. Gastric leak can occur and represents one of the most severe complications following sleeve gastrectomy. Since the two last decades, regenerative medicine has emerged, offering new strategies to face to sleeve gastrectomy complications.

Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the pillars of locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNSCC) treatment in combination with cisplatin or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Despite a very high local tumor control rate, approximately 50% of patients with locally advanced disease will develop a recurrence.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains the most common disease in premature newborns, associated with immature lung injury under the influence of supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation. “Classical BPD” is observed in premature newborns who have not received surfactant treatments. It is characterized by pulmonary fibrosis due to oxygen toxicity and volumetric/barometric trauma caused by mechanical ventilation. A new or "mild" form of BPD is observed in children born at 29 weeks of gestation, and is characterized by disordered pulmonary development due to prematurity.

During lifespan the homeostasis and repair of organs and tissues are guaranteed by the adult stem cell population. Among them, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which contain a subpopulation of multipotent stem cells, are emerging as promising candidates for cell therapy of numerous diseases. MSCs are non-hematopoietic cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes.

Given that the addition of cytotoxic chemotherapy to radiation has been shown to improve overall survival and local-regional control for select patients with head and neck cancer, concurrent chemoradiation constitutes a mainstay of treatment. In pre-clinical studies, platinum-based chemotherapy, when delivered concurrently with radiation, is intended to serve as a radio-sensitizer, potentiating the cytotoxic effects of radiation on proliferating squamous cell carcinoma cells. From a biological basis, it is thus advisable that patients begin chemotherapy

We recently published the results of a retrospective multicenter study of 676 early breast cancer patients with favorable prognostic factors, treated by breast-conservative surgery and intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). This study confirmed that partial breast irradiation (PBI) using IORT via a 50 kV photon device is safe and well-tolerated in select early breast cancer patients.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) also known as tumor stem cells (TSCs), are pivotal in cancer development and progression. They can be identified through specific markers and surface proteins (e.g., CD44, CD133) that differ from those on non-CSC tumor cells. As well high CSC levels often correlate with poor prognosis, aggressive disease, and resistance to conventional therapies. CSCs are more resistant to standard treatments like chemotherapy and radiation, leading to relapse and metastasis. 

With the recently published review in Cellular Signaling, we highlight the importance of Methyltransferase-like (METTL) family-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in head and neck cancer (HNC) progression, providing a theoretical foundation for their potential use as therapeutic targets.