American Journal of Aging Science and Research

The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2023 significantly affected emergency medical care. Physicians who regularly saw their patients by appointment were redeployed to emergency care, increasing their reported burnout. Understanding how the burnout of specialists increased from this redeployment during COVID-19 is relevant to finding ways to reduce redeployment burnout in these appointment-based physicians when preparing for future pandemics.

Aging is associated with a progressive increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, both in laboratory animals and humans. In rats, aging is accompanied by degenerative and/or atrophic processes in the cholinergic system of the forebrain, as well as morphological changes which parallel a reduction in spatial learning capacity. 

Within human tissue, oxygen concentrations are considerably less than the 21% O2 concentrations found in ambient air and is termed physiological hypoxia. Typically, the partial pressure of oxygen
(pO2) of human tissue lies between 1% and 14%, with considerable local and regional variations

Chronic pain conditions constitute the primary reason for seeking healthcare, the development of related disability and addiction, and the highest driver of healthcare costs. Chronic temporomandibular, jaw and orofacial pain after acute jaw sprain/strain can be prevented if prompt and appropriate treatment in an emergency or urgent care clinic is provided using a jaw sprain/strain clinical protocol immediately after onset to begin the healing and recovery process. 

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, inhibits cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), which catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. In control environments, low-dose aspirin (75 mg or 81 mg) inhibits COX-1 and disrupts the production of thromboxane, reducing platelet aggregation

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a type of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) that portends a poor prognosis and has limited options for treatment. PMF is often driven by clonal mutations in one of three genes that regulate the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, leading to hyperactivation of this signaling pathway and over-proliferation of megakaryocytes (MKs) and their precursors. PMF presents with debilitating symptoms such as splenomegaly and weight loss.

Spinal cord and nerves are best visualized by MRI, which is able to show structural and functional anomalies of the spine. The primary objective of this study is to identify advantages or disadvantages of the T1-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence with BLADE technique (T1W-FLAIR BLADE), with and without parallel imaging when compared with T1 Turbo Spin Echo (T1 TSE) sequence when performing MRI examination of the lumbar spine in a sagittal view. L-spine examinations with T1W-FLAIR BLADE (with and without parallel imaging) and T1 TSE were acquired on 44 patients using a 1.5T scanner. These sequences were assessed by two radiologists a) quantitatively by comparing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and relative contrast (ReCon) measurements and b) qualitatively based on different features of the images such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) nulling.

It is a great honor to be a part of the editorial board of Journal of Radiation Research and Imaging (JRRI) which has been designed with the intention of serving worldwide scientific researchers and healthcare professionals with the latest advances and developments in the field of radiation. I feel privileged to play a role in creating a scientific space online for budding analysts and radiation imaging enthusiasts to not just avail new information but also to comprehensively understand and extensively indulge in this whole new experience.

The effects of COVID-19 have been of increasing interest in all fields of medicine after the pandemic, especially considering the important impact and incidence of patients infected with coronavirus. Numerous studies have reported the vast clinical implications related to permanent organ and tissue damage after infection and long COVID. 

Different computational models and new devices are under development, aiming to better comprehend and alter brain function. Ternary computating offers new approach by considering a third physiological state of the neuronal membrane: the refractory period (-1), in addition to resting potential state (0) and the action potential.

Breathing instruction in physiotherapy is considered an important skill for the assessment and intervention in diaphragmatic dysfunction associated with respiratory disorders. For respiratory physiotherapy, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of respiratory movements in the thorax and abdomen and to evaluate the laterality and difference in movements depending on the site.

The human brain is a complex network of billions of neurons accompanied by astrocytes and microglia among others [1]. Neurons communicate via specialized sites of cell-cell contacts called synapses, where information is transmitted via the presynaptic release of neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles (SVs) [2]. Through the integration of information transmitted via large networks of neurons, complex tasks, such as learning, memory and various behaviors, are regulated.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) continues to be an important cause of long-term neurologic disability among newborn infants. The estimated incidence ranges from 2-3/1000 live births in developed countries, to as high as 10-20/1000 in developing countries [1]. Affected infants who survive are at a 25% risk for cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and cognitive deficits and may require lifelong medical care.

In the respiratory management of preterm infants of less than 33 weeks gestational age and very low birth weight infants, it is essential to understand changes in chest X-ray and blood gas findings in addition to observing their clinical symptoms.

Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) is a leading cause of lameness in broiler chickens, which results in financial losses due to mortality and reduced growth. Due to the nature of the condition, it raises animal welfare and food safety concerns as well. The pathology in the commercial setting is derived from a combination of weak bone and bacterial translocation and infection.

Pain after breast cancer surgery or Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a well-recognized problem associated with functional impairment. It is defined as pain on the anterior or lateral region of thorax, axilla and/or medial upper arm after surgery without infection or tumor recurrence. 

Diarrhea in children has a worldwide prevalence and it is estimated that more than 5 million children succumb to the disease worldwide and is the fifth largest cause of mortality in third-world countries [1]. An operative definition of diarrhea as proposed by the World Health Organization refers to the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequently than is normal for the individual based on the duration of symptoms it can be classified as acute –i.e. less than 14 days duration and chronic if more than three weeks duration [2]. 

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to impact populations worldwide, emphasizing the need for improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. Understanding the immune response and identifying early diagnostic markers are crucial in this endeavor.

Histological analysis of fluorescently labeled tissues has been a critical tool to understand molecular organization in situ. However, assessing molecular structures within large cells and in the context of human organ anatomy has been challenging because it requires penetration of staining reagents and light deep into opaque tissues, while also conforming to the spatial constraints of high-resolution objective lenses.

Background: Osteoarthritis, a widespread highly painful oftentimes incapacitating joint disease continues to impose immense personal and societal challenges among adults of all ages, especially older adults.
Objective: This review aimed to describe the extent to which older adults with osteoarthritis may suffer excess disability, compared to healthy age-matched older adults, and why this is important to note and prevent in the context of the novel COVID-19 corona virus pandemic.