Injuries to the eye are a common cause of emergency department (ED) visits in the pediatric age group. There were nearly 14 million ED visits for traumatic injuries in children under age 5 in 2017 in the US, and most of these occurred at a private residence [1]. The highest number of pediatric ED visits for ocular injury were reported in children ages 1-5.

Stroke is the most common cause of disability and the number two cause of death worldwide. The TOAST classification denotes five subtypes of ischemic stroke, large-artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism, small-vessel occlusion, stroke of other determined etiology and stroke of undetermined etiology.

The significance of the first years of living in determining mental health later in life has been acknowledged since the early psychoanalytic approaches to the understanding of mental illness delivered by Sigmund and Anna Freud, Rene Spitz and John Bowlby. Empirical research since then has documented the early childhood origin of most mental disorders seen in older children and adolescents. Birth cohort studies have provided evidence on the interplay of genes and environment from early stages of prenatal life and the longterm influences of pre-and perinatal risk factors.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multiorgan, systemic autoimmune disease that occurs more frequently in women than men and is typically diagnosed in women of reproductive age.

Health disparities have become a major concern for global public health, disproportionately affecting minority and underserved populations throughout the United States (U.S.). Hispanics make up the fastest-growing minority group in the U.S., and they often experience significant health disparities when it comes to chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. These disparities are likely driven by a confluence of socioeconomic disadvantages, structural inequities, environmental exposures, and cultural barriers.