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Review Article Open Access
Volume 4 | Issue 1 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.46439/immunol.4.037

Host’s innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection—Current understanding and trends

  • 1ARNA Lifesciences and ARNA Pharma, Rodborough Rd. Frenchs Forest, NSW, Sydney, Australia
+ Affiliations - Affiliations

Corresponding Author

Nitin Saksena, nitin.s@arnalifesciences.com; nitin.saksena@bigpond.com

Received Date: October 13, 2024

Accepted Date: August 14, 2025

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2019 due to SARS-CoV-2, remains a global health crisis, especially as new variants emerge that could trigger widespread outbreaks again. While various aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection warrant attention, the antiviral innate immune response is a crucial area of focus. Understanding how viruses evade host defenses is vital for developing effective vaccines and therapies. SARS-CoV-2 targets key components of the innate immune system for its survival, and this interference with the host immune system is central to the virus's ability to cause disease. However, the specific mechanisms by which the innate immune response counteracts SARS-CoV-2 infection have not been fully clarified. This review examines key elements of the antiviral innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, concentrating on viral evasion strategies and potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords

Innate immunity, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, viral proteins, Host immunity, MiRNA

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