Journal of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Case Report Open Access

Brucellosis as a cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure in a person with advanced HIV disease and HBV reactivation: a case report

Antonella Gallicchio , Alessandro Bianchi , Alessandro Marocco , Viviana Rizzo , Massimo Sardo , Elio Manzillo

Brucellosis is a zoonosis in which hepatic involvement is common but usually mild. Acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are rarely attributed to brucellosis, and even more rarely to people living with HIV (PLWH).

Commentary Open Access

Near-point-of-care molecular HPV diagnostics: Pathways to scalable cervical-cancer screening in low-and middle-income countries

Minal Dakhave , Amrita Khaire

Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of preventable death among women. Around 660,000 new cases and 350,000 deaths were reported in 2022. Most of these cases and deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes is an important cause of almost all cervical cancers.

Commentary Open Access

Control of epidemics: Testing, vaccinations, and monitoring

Igor Nesteruk

Increasing the test-per-case ratio was recommended to reduce the number of cases and deaths per capita. In particular, due to a synchronous increase in the number of tests alongside the rise in new cases and very high levels of the tests-per-case ratio, the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand was largely controlled before October 2021. After February 2022, an abrupt decline in the tests-to-case ratio led to a record number of cases and deaths at a relatively high vaccination level.

Commentary Open Access

Reframing women’s vulnerability through a gendered and structural lens: Women economic empowerment as an HIV prevention strategy

Vandana Dabla

Women and girls continue to experience disproportionate HIV vulnerability across regions marked by deep-rooted gender inequality and economic insecurity. While biomedical advances have expanded prevention options, the structural determinants particularly poverty, economic dependence and limited financial autonomy remain under-addressed drivers of HIV risk.

Commentary Open Access

Precision targeting of the kinome: clinical progress, biological complexities, and future directions of protein kinase inhibitors

Bashir Ahmad Dar , Asif Hamid Dar , Shamim Ahmad Dar

Protein kinases are at the core of cellular communication, and they essentially control cell survival, metabolism, immune activation, and proliferation, among other things, through reversible phosphorylation. The dysregulation of kinase signaling has been identified as a key driver at the molecular level of cancer, autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammations, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious pathogenesis.

Commentary Open Access

Potential of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and prediction of pediatric pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Alberto Vidal

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) in children has experienced a global resurgence following the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been associated with more severe and/or refractory cases. Simultaneously, macrolide-resistant strains have emerged in recent decades. This new reality has increased the risk to pediatric patients and is testing the healthcare system's response.