Journal of Breast Cancer Research

Review Article Open Access

Kindlins as modulators of breast cancer progression

Edward F. Plow, Elzbieta Pluskota, Katarzyna Bialkowska

Kindlin-1 (K1, FERMT1), Kindlin-2 (K2, FERMT2), and Kindlin-3 (K3, FERMT3) are the three members of the kindlin family of adapter proteins found in mammals. One or more kindlins are found in most cell types, K1 primarily in epithelial cells, K3 in primarily hematopoietic cells and also endothelial cells, and K2 is very broadly distributed. The kindlins consist primarily of a 4.1-erzin-radixin-moiesin (FERM) domain, which is transected by a lipid-binding plextrin-homology (PH) domain. Deficiencies of each kindlin in mice and/or humans have profound pathogenic consequences.

J Breast Cancer Res, 2021, Volume 1, Issue 2, p20-29 | DOI: 10.46439/breastcancer.1.006

Commentary Open Access

How to inhibit breast cancer and breast cancer metastasis with Akt inhibitors: Lessons learned from studies in mice

Nissim Hay

The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently hyperactivated in different types of breast cancer. In the past two decades, major efforts have been made to develop inhibitors of this pathway to treat cancer patients. 

J Breast Cancer Res, 2021, Volume 1, Issue 2, p30-33 | DOI: 10.46439/breastcancer.1.007