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Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematology

ISSN: 2834-3328

Research Article Open Access
Volume 3 | Issue 1 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.46439/hematol.3.014

Gender disparity in the reticulocyte count of HIV-positive patients on HAART management in Ilorin

Pius O. Omosigho1, Ayodele O. Ilesanmi2,*, Lydia N. Asonye3
  • 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Edo State University, Uzairue, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
+ Affiliations - Affiliations

Corresponding Author

Ayodele O. Ilesanmi, ayodeleilesanmi1003@gmail. com

Received Date: October 25, 2023

Accepted Date: March 19, 2024

Citation:

Omosigho PO, Ilesanmi AO, Asonye LN. Gender disparity in the reticulocyte count of HIV-positive patients on HAART management in Ilorin. J Clin Exp Hematol. 2024;3(1):22-
28.


Copyright: © 2024 Omosigho PO, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells (RBCs) and they often serve as the indicators of bone marrow function. The fraction of reticulocytes in the blood depends on the clinical situation and the haemopoietic competence of the bone marrow. Circulating reticulocytes are decreased in patients with impairment of bone marrow function and increased in patients with blood loss as well as in cases of RBC destruction, with bone marrow activity. Although a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patient may have peripheral blood cytopenia, only patients in the advanced stage of the disease and or those with low CD4+ cell count is more likely to have this condition. This study aimed at assessing the reticulocyte count of HIV positive patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those of non-HIV positive patients. 100 HIV positive patients between the ages of 10 years and 70 years were recruited as subjects while 40 apparently healthy HIV-negative persons served as control. Reticulocyte count was assessed using the manual method, staining with new methylene blue (light microscopy). Our findings showed that there were more female HIV positive patients in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria and they had a mean reticulocyte count within the normal range along with a decreased viral load. Significant increase of reticulocyte count in HIV infection was seen in most females, particularly within the age range of 31-40, when compared with their male counterparts, otherwise there was no significant difference between the reticulocyte count of subjects and the control. A significant negative correlation was found between the reticulocyte count and viral load (R= -0.077, p=0.000) of the patients. The administration of specific HAART in HIV patients in our study had a notable improvement in the CD4+ cell count and the viral load with significant age and gender disparity. Females not placed on HAART are more likely to succumb to poor erythropoietic activity than their male counterparts.

Keywords

HIV, Cytopenia, Reticulocytes, Treatment, Antiretroviral

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