Abstract
Maintenance of neuroendocrine-immune homeostasis is tightly regulated by the active involvement of neural, endocrine and immune mediators. As age progresses, this bidirectional regulation losses its robustness due to the influence of several factors especially, gonadal hormones. Among the hormones, estrogen has gained significant attention due to its diverse effects as a potent modulator on the cellular and systemic level which influences both physiological and psychological functions. The mechanistic implications through which estrogenic hormones promote the onset of age-associated diseases are complex especially, its effects on the immune system which is vital for the maintenance of health. This review aims to understand the mechanisms of estrogen-mediated neuroendocrine-immune interactions to facilitate healthy aging, and extent of its effects on the onset of autoimmune dysfunction that may aid the development of better treatment strategies for auto-immune disorders.
Keywords
Estrogen, Neural-immune, Lymphoid organs, Autoimmune disorder