Exercise has been found to improve function, mitigate disability, enhance the anticancer immune system response, and improve quality of life for patients with osteosarcoma and its survivors. Of late, exercise has additionally been implemented as an adjuvant to standard therapies. These products of exercise, along with the benefits of physical activity in pre- and postoperative rehabilitation, were summarized in the recently published book chapter Exercise and Physical Activity in Patients with Osteosarcoma and Survivors.

Examination of the surface of bones (from which soft tissues have been removed) provides a window complementary to that provided by clinical, standard anatomic, laboratory and radiologic studies. That approach, utilized successfully for analysis of other forms of osteosarcoma is applied to the high grade telangiectatic version of medullary osteosarcoma.

New stool DNA panels and blood-based assays offer non-invasive options for early CRC detection, though require further validation. Immuno- and targeted therapies matched to tumor molecular profiles have transformed metastatic CRC treatment. Pembrolizumab elicits durable responses in mismatch repair-deficient tumors, and anti-EGFR antibodies cetuximab/panitumumab improve outcomes for left-sided RAS/RAF wild-type CRC. Larotrectinib and entrectinib are highly active in NTRK fusion-positive CRC. Research focusing on new immunotherapies, leveraging the microbiome, and combining multi-omics data to enable precision medicine holds promise. Disparities across groups remain a challenge.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for dialysis, also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and is closely related to lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Moreover, dialysis patients develop complications including cardiovascular diseases, infections, and malignant neoplasms and have very poor prognosis. 

Introduction: Healthcare providers (HCPs) and traditional healers (THs) play a pivotal role in the breast cancer treatment pathway and can impact access to timely and effective healthcare. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast cancer treatment among HCPs and THs in Northern Tanzania.