Interventional Pulmonology

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, inhibits cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), which catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. In control environments, low-dose aspirin (75 mg or 81 mg) inhibits COX-1 and disrupts the production of thromboxane, reducing platelet aggregation

Depression is one of the most common comorbidities of chronic diseases including diabetes and obstructive lung diseases (emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma). Obstructive lung diseases and depression have few symptoms in common. However, they are both common in adults and associated with chronic inflammation. It is not clear if their coappearance in diabetic patients is coincidental or associated beyond that expected by chance.

We present a commentary on bronchoesophageal fistulas (BOF) in children as per our experience in a sixteen-year-old girl with tubercular BOF. Acquired BOF in literature have been mostly described post traumatic or in association with malignancies in children.

The diagnostic yield of electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy to access lung lesions remains low. The multicenter NAVIGATE study showed the diagnostic yield to be 71% for lesions up to 3 cm and 67% for lesions up to 2 cm. The introduction of robotic-assisted navigational platforms may overcome some of the traditional barriers encountered with previous approaches.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Emerging evidence increasingly identifies exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as a significant risk factor, in addition to cigarette smoking, highlighting a critical gap in available treatment options. This review synthesizes epidemiological and experimental data that documents the correlation between airborne PM2.5 and the incidence and exacerbations of COPD.

Securing a definitive airway in maxillofacial trauma is paramount yet challenging due to anatomical disruption, hemorrhage, and trismus. Conventional orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation can be contraindicated or hazardous. Submental intubation (SMI) has emerged as a effective and safe alternative to tracheostomy, providing unobstructed surgical access without the associated long-term morbidity.