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Archives of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

ISSN: 2692-4331

Original Research Open Access
Volume 8 | Issue 1 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.46439/ophthalmology.8.045

Intraocular pressure changes after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy: a retrospective cohort study from ECWA Eye Hospital, Nigeria

Mayor Orezime Atima1,*, Ugbede Idakwo1, Oyeronke Komolafe1, Ayodele Jacob Orugun1, Jah Douglas Pam1, Ishaya Bobga Bala1, Kenneth Onosigho Ukumobe1, Eisuke Shimizu2, Shintaro Nakayama2, Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun3, Emeka John Dingwoke4
  • 1ECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  • 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
  • 4UNESCO-International Center for Biotechnology, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
+ Affiliations - Affiliations

Corresponding Author

Mayor Orezime Atima, atimamatha@yahoo.com

Received Date: February 03, 2025

Accepted Date: January 22, 2026

Citation:

Atima MO, Idakwo U, Komolafe O, Orugun AJ, Pam JD, Bala IB, et al. Intraocular pressure changes after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy: a retrospective cohort study from ECWA Eye Hospital, Nigeria. Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2026;8(1):14-20.


Copyright: © 2026 Atima MO, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Purpose: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is an effective treatment for posterior capsule opacification (PCO) but may be associated with postoperative increases in intraocular pressure (IOP), particularly in high-risk patients. This study evaluated the incidence of IOP elevation following Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, the management strategies used, and clinical outcomes at a tertiary eye hospital in Nigeria.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 162 patients aged 40–80 years who underwent Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy for PCO and completed at least one year of follow-up. Data on demographic characteristics, IOP measurements, visual acuity outcomes, and post-procedure management were extracted from medical records. Changes in IOP and visual acuity before and after the procedure were analyzed, and outcomes were compared between patients with and without pre-existing glaucoma.
Results: Mean IOP increased significantly after the procedure (from 14.2 ± 2.1 mmHg pre-procedure to 16.7 ± 3.2 mmHg post-procedure, p<0.001). IOP elevation (≥21 mmHg) occurred in 9.26% of patients at one month and declined to 1.85% at one year following treatment with topical IOP-lowering medications. Patients with glaucoma experienced a higher incidence of IOP elevation compared with those without glaucoma (25% vs. 10%). Visual acuity improved significantly after capsulotomy, with the proportion of patients achieving good visual acuity (>6/12–6/5) increasing from 18% to 35%.
Conclusions: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy significantly improves visual acuity but may cause transient IOP elevation, particularly in patients with glaucoma. Careful postoperative monitoring and timely use of topical IOP-lowering therapy are essential to achieving favorable outcomes in resource-limited settings.

Keywords

Nd:YAG laser, Capsulotomy, Intraocular pressure, Posterior capsule opacification, Glaucoma, Visual acuity, Resource-limited settings

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