Nutritional status is a sensitive indicator of health. There is not a single parameter that serve as the only and best parameter to evaluate malnourished patients or patients with risk for malnutrition. Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were a focus of concern for nutritional impairment. Nutritional impairment is a common phenomenon among the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a catastrophic malignancy of the intrahepatic bile ducts and one of the neoplasms with incidence rates that have been rising faster than almost any other cancer. This steady increase combined with the high mortality rates underscore the fact that optimal management of iCCA remains a challenge. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as single agents have elicited discouraging results in patients with iCCA, the combination of chemotherapy plus anti-PD-L1 blockade has recently 

The liver plays a pivotal role in intermediary metabolism, biosynthesis, and pharmacotherapy. As such, chemical influences can result in detrimental effects. Anatomically, the liver is centrally placed, with loose capillary fenestrations, which makes it susceptible to chemical assault. Epidemiological evidence shows that chemical-induced liver injury is a major cause of acute liver failure, fibrosis and cirrhosis. In preclinical studies, drug-induced liver injury is a major reason why many interesting lead molecules and novel compounds fail to transcend beyond the laboratory.