Journal of Biomed Research

Original Research Open Access

Non-invasive optical brain pulse monitoring: Experience from the first 195 patients

Elliot J. Teo , Sigrid Petautschnig , Finula I Isik , Barry Dixon

Continuous, non-invasive optical brain pulse monitoring (OBPM; Cyban Pty. Ltd., Melbourne, Australia) represents a significant advancement in the field of neurological monitoring. OBP monitoring uses red and infrared light sources to capture cardiac and respiratory waves from brain pulse waveforms, which reflect changes in both brain oxygen levels and brain movement.

Review Article Open Access

Blinding uveitis induced by secukinumab: A case-based review

Mahjoubi Yasmine Salem , Aouinti Imen , Dahmani Israam , Zgolli Fatma , Charfi Ons , El Aidli Sihem

Secukinumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-17A (IL-17A), is widely used for treating immunoinflammatory disorders. While effective, drug-induced uveitis (DIU) is a rare but serious adverse effect associated with biologic medications like TNF-α inhibitors and more recently, IL-17 inhibitors such as secukinumab. We present a case of posterior uveitis in a 42-year-old male with AS who developed ocular symptoms two years after starting secukinumab.

Commentary Open Access

Role of cellular, acellular and matrix-like products (CAMPs) in wound bed preparation in diabetic foot

Shubham Vijaykumar , Ravi Kumar Chittoria , Rashmi V Kumar

Diabetic foot ulcers account for 70-80% of all ulcer cases, with this proportion rising to 21–27% in developing countries. The associated mortality rate ranges from 3.75% to 58.8%.

Commentary Open Access

Clinical insights and research needs in atezolizumab induced neurotoxicity

Mahjoubi Yasmine Salem

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the scope of cancer treatment. Atezolizumab, is a humanized monoclonal antibody that specifically targets programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) to block its interaction with PD-1 and B7-1 receptors, thereby reinstating T cell response.

Case Report Open Access

Skin necrosis following dobutamine extravasation

Mouna DALDOUL , Charfi Ons , Mahjoubi Yasmine Salem , Ahmed ZAIEM , Aouinti Imen , Sihem AL AIDLI

Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine with activity on both alpha-1 and beta-2 adrenoceptors. It is used intravenously as an inotropic agent for short term treatment of heart failure. Dobutamine side effects involve usually cardiovascular system. Cutaneous side effects such as inflammation in the administration site following accidental extravasation could occur. Skin necrosis from intravenous soft tissue infiltration is a rare but serious complication of intravenous therapy. Herein we report a rare case of a local skin necrosis in dobutamine infusion site.

Review Article Open Access

The pathogenetic roles of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, xanthine oxidase and hyaluronidase in inflammatory diseases: A review

Sooriya Arachchige Sachini Jayawardana , Jayanetti Koralalage Ramani Radhika Samarasekera , Gardhi Hettiarachchige Chamari Madhu Hettiarachchi , Mahavidanage Jaanaki Gooneratne

Inflammation is a complex biological process essential for protecting the body from harmful stimuli. However, dysregulated or chronic inflammation can contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. Pro-inflammatory enzymes, such as arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (A5-LOX), xanthine oxidase, and hyaluronidase, play key roles in the initiation, progression, and resolution of inflammation.

Letter to the Editor Open Access

Half-time hydration and re-warm-up strategies for football players

Khawaja Mohammad Mowahid Haider , Khwaja Husnain Haider

We have read the commentary by Fernandes H (2024) with interest on a mini-review entitled Hydration Strategies for Elite Soccer Players. Given the popularity of the game globally and the busy tournament schedules without a break for the soccer players, their fitness remains a primary concern for the players and their coaches alike. Hence, elite soccer performance is crucial and depends on physiological readiness, technical skills, and tactical execution. 

Original Research Open Access

Interaction effects of FTO polymorphisms on post-surgery weight, and post-BMI after bariatric surgery

Elva Perez-Luque , Steven Daza-Hernández , Nicté Figueroa-Vega , Mónica I. Cardona-Alvarado , Norberto Muñoz-Montes , Claudia Martinez-Cordero

Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, preventing and treating obesity has become a major public health goal. Bariatric surgery is considered the intervention most effective for patients with severe obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m² or ≥35 kg/m²) with comorbidities and to maintain weight loss and glycemic control in the long-term. In addition, improvement or long-term remission of comorbidities such as T2D, hypertension, and dyslipidemia after bariatric surgery has been reported.

Original Research Open Access

Knowledge, attitude and practice of life style modification in the management of hypertension

Khan Md Shahariar Zaman , Sabrina Shafiq , Md Saiful Islam , Rubaiyat-E-Mortaz , Susmita Debnath , Rokshana Begum , Khandoker Abdur Rahim , Mesbah Uddin Ahmed

Hypertension remains as one of the most important public health challenges worldwide because of the associated morbidity, mortality, and the cost to the society. Despite the availability of safe and effective antihypertensive medications and the existence of clear treatment guidelines, hypertension is still inadequately controlled in a large proportion of patients worldwide. Unawareness of lifestyle modifications, and failure to apply these were one of the identified patient-related barriers to blood pressure control.

Original Research Open Access

Prevalence of Equine Strongyloidiasis and associated risk factors in Guder, Ethiopia

Zerihun Getie Wassie , Abraham Belete Temesgen

Equines, which include horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras, are large hoofed mammals characterized by long legs, strong hooves, and a diet primarily composed of grasses. These animals play an important role in ecosystems and have been closely connected to human societies throughout history.

Original Research Open Access

Risk factors of stroke: A cross cut survey study on the basis of social class

Jasim Uddin , Tahmina Jahan Tama

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of long-term disability. A worldwide study based on vital record and data imputation shows that per year 15 million people faces the event ‘stroke’ which causes 5 million deaths and a further 5 million patients living with permanent cognitive and physical disability.

Original Research Open Access

Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes and associated risk factors of exotic chicken in selected farm of poultry in and around Ambo, Ethiopia

Saleamlak Abebe , Zerihun Getie Wassie , Theobesta Solomon , Abraham Belete Temesgen

Poultry is kept in backyards or commercial production systems in most areas of the world. Compared to a number of other livestock species, fewer social and religious taboos are related to the production, marketing, and consumption of poultry products. For these reasons, poultry products have become one of the most important protein sources for humans throughout the world.

Commentary Open Access

Commentary on the use of the Taguchi method for electrocoagulation optimization in dairy effluent treatment

Praful N K , Binaya Kumar Pattnaik , Sandipan Das

Dairy industry wastewater, characterized by its high load of organic and inorganic pollutants, continues to pose significant challenges to conventional treatment technologies. Electrocoagulation (EC) has emerged as an effective alternative, but its success depends on the careful optimization of multiple interrelated parameters.

Literature Review Open Access

Overview of Fasciolosis: Biological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Perspectives

Tesfaye Mesfin , Abraham Belete Temesgen

Fasciolosis (fascioliasis) is an important parasitic disease of both animals and humans, caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. These liver flukes have a complex life cycle involving freshwater snails as intermediate hosts, with infection occurring through ingestion of metacercariae on contaminated vegetation or water.

Systematic Review Open Access

Prevalence of Brucellosis in Saudi Arabia: A meta-analysis

Hasan Nawaz Tahir , Misbah Ahmed , Sarosh Sher Ali , Huma Naim , Imran Zaheer , Khaled Hashim Mahmoud , Mohammed Saleh Al-Dhubaibi , Ramaprabha Prabhakar

Brucellosis is a preventable bacterial illness that is common all over the world and a consistent problem in Saudi Arabia. Understanding the true prevalence of the disease in Saudi Arabia could provide information on how to tackle this health concern.

Systematic Review Open Access

Comparative analysis of initial outcomes: Magnetic sphincter augmentation versus fundoplication in gastroesophageal reflux disease - A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hasan Nawaz Tahir , Shahnawaz Tahir , Sarosh Sher Ali , Maham Aziz Uddin Ahmed , Imran Zaheer , Ahmed Ibrahim AbdElneam , Ahmed Mohammed Al-Dhubaibi , Saad Alsaab , Yousaf Ali

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a long-term digestive condition marked by the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. The worldwide combined prevalence of GERD was found to be 13.98%. GERD remains a significant public health problem due to its high global prevalence and potential for severe complications, including esophagitis, strictures, and progression to Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. 

Mini Review Open Access

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the modern therapeutic era: A critical synthesis of epidemiology, diagnostics, and policy implications with regional context from Korea

Anvi Rana

This review aims to synthesize contemporary evidence on progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of the John Cunningham virus (JCV) in immunocompromised individuals. Since its initial description in 1958, PML has evolved from being predominantly associated with hematological malignancies to a multifaceted opportunistic infection seen in HIV/AIDS, autoimmune disorders, transplantation medicine, and in patients receiving monoclonal antibody therapies such as natalizumab.